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THE HYBRID PULSOREACTOR ROCKET

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Pulsoreaction is a propelling way that is known for having fitted out the notorious flying german bombs V1 during the second World War.
This system has swiftly fallen into disuse owing to the arrival of new engines, more efficient. It can still be found in model aircraft making but does not go farther any more.
The straightforwardness of pulsoreactors lies in the fact that they comprise very few mobile parts, and are easy to build by professionnals or mechanics lovers. The below drawings must be regarded as basic sketches and not as building plans. They are just set out for backing up a new running principle and make easier the making of new propelling means.
The valves shown on the heads of the pulso are only representative of the working system, and could just as well be thought as flaps or any other cyclic closing up means ensuring the closing up of the combustion chamber.
This work aims at revising the pulsoreactor as a basic engine and turning it into a rocket engine as it rises in the air or on pilot's request.


Running of the pulsoreactor :

1 - Atmospheric air induction into combustion chamber through the valves ; fuel injection ; fuel-air mixture ignition.
2 -Detonation or deflagration of the mixture, according to its grade ; overpressure in the combustion chamber, as a result of gases expansion ; closing up of air induction valves owing to this overpressure.
3 - Ejection of expanded gases to the resonator and tuyere.
4 - Restarting cycle.

This straightforward running cycle could be improved on request by induction of comburant into the combustion chamber; this would bring about a permanent overpressure, and turn in fact the pulsoreactor into a rocket engine.
This alteration is of great importance with the view of creating a fuel-efficient engine, able to carry out suborbital flights without launching pad or carrier plane.
We can think about using the standard pulsoreactor up to some altitude, then the ignition of the rocket cycle, in the same engine, for highest altitudes.

Drawing N°1
STANDARD PULSOREACTOR


This sketch sets out a standard pulsoreactor, with air induction valves and fuel tank.
In such an outline it can only run with atmospheric air and is fully dependent on it to burn the fuel in the combustion chamber.

Standard Pulsoreactor









Drawing N°2
PULSOROCKET ENGINE PRINCIPLE


On this sketch we can note the addition of a tank and comburant injection into combustion chamber system.
Use of comburant during the running of pulsoreaction cycle leads to a permanent internal compression of gases inside the combustion chamber. As a result, the atmospheric air induction valves are closed as long as the comburant is injected, which turns the pulsoreactor into a rocket engine.
The sketch leaves aside the cooling systems of the combustion chamber ; as a matter of fact, the circulation of the comburant around the combustion chamber before being injected is one of the means ensuring the cooling.
Technical specifications are disregarded on purpose; at this stage, only the running principle has been set out .


Principe pulso fusée

RUNNING UNDER PULSOREACTION SYSTEM :
Atmospheric air induction into combustion chamber through open valves

Running under pulsoreaction system




RUNNING UNDER PULSOREACTION SYSTEM :
Gases ignition and valves closing up. To pass to the rocket propelling system, the only injection of comburant into the combustion chamber leads to a permanent overpressure that keeps the valves closed.

Pulsopression




Working principle of the two systems :
On this view we can see that two different motorization ways can be used with the same engine.




Working principle of the 2 systems





Conclusion.



Carrying out this "2 in 1" engine, with and without atmospheric air, gives the possibility of getting free from launching constraints (pads and carrier planes) and achieving suborbital flights with a small flying machine.
Transfer from pulsoreactor system to rocket propelling system can be done easily, by mere injection of comburant into the combustion chamber. It is reminded that the only goal of the presentation of parts on the above sketches is to help to understand the running of such an engine; they cannot be regarded as making plans.

An historical site about the importance of V1 and V2 during the second world war:
Voyage au pays des V1



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